17^th World Congress on Pathology September 15-16, 2020 Sydney, Australia

Immunopathology is a branch of medicine that deals with immune responses associated with disease. It includes the study of the pathology of an organism, organ system, or disease with respect to the immune system, immunity, and immune responses. Damage caused to an organism by its own immune response, as a result of an infection. It could be due to mismatch between pathogen and host species, and often occurs when an animal pathogen infects a human.

Clinical pathology covers many lab functions. It is concerned with disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clinical pathologists are healthcare providers with special training. They often direct all of the special divisions of the lab. Clinical pathology supports the diagnosis of disease using laboratory testing of blood and other bodily fluids, tissues, and microscopic evaluation of individual cells.

Histopathology is the research of cell variations from the norm and sickness forms in human tissues through the utilization of different histopathological methods. Histopathology concentrates on the basic changes that happen in cells, tissues and organs when presented to harmful jolts.

Anatomical pathology is the branch of medicine that studies the impact of illness on the structure of body organs, each as an entire and microscopically. The first role of anatomical pathology is to spot abnormalities that may facilitate to diagnose illness and manage treatment. Though one in every of the frequent uses of anatomical pathology is to assist determine and manage varied styles of tumors or cancers, it's additionally valuable in evaluating alternative conditions, as well as excretory organ and liver diseases, reaction disorders, and infections. In fact, in most hospitals, all tissue removed throughout surgery should be examined by a diagnostician.

Renal pathology is a subspecialty of anatomic pathology that deals with the diagnosis and characterization of medical diseases (non-tumor) of the kidneys. In the academic setting, renal pathologists work closely with nephrologists and transplant surgeons, who typically obtain diagnostic specimens via percutaneous renal biopsy.

Hematopathology or hemopathology is the study of diseases and disorders affecting blood cells, their production, and any organs and tissues involved in hematopoiesis, such as bone marrow, the spleen, and the thymus. Diagnoses and treatment of diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma often deal with hematopathology; techniques and technologies include flow cytometry studies and immunohistochemistry

Forensic pathology is the branch of pathology that focuses on deciding the explanation for death by examining the remains. A post mortem is performed by a medical expert, typically throughout the investigation of legal code cases and civil law cases in some jurisdictions. Coroners and doctors also are commonly asked to verify the identity of the remains. Microbial forensics may well be a discipline that goes to try and do truthful play to the criminals and terrorists who use biological material to cause damage. The ineligible use of biological agents causes tidy hurt to the folks, public health, surroundings, the economies, and world peace. Due to these harms and causes, creating awareness of capability in microbial forensics can facilitate us to form perceive that what may need eventuated throughout a bio-threat event, and international collaborations that capture the broader scientific and social control communities area unit probable to fortify the microbial forensic capabilities.

Surgical pathology is the study of tissues removed from living patients during surgery to help diagnose a disease and determine a treatment plan. Surgical pathology includes both the physical exam of the tissue with the naked eye, as well as examining processed tissue under a microscope. Surgical pathology involves gross and microscopic examination of surgical specimens, furthermore as biopsies submitted by surgeons and non-surgeons like general internists, medical subspecialists, dermatologists, and interventional radiologists

Many human infections are caused by either bacteria or viruses. Bacteria can be beneficial – for instance, gut bacteria help us to digest food – but some are responsible for a range of infections. These disease-causing varieties are called pathogenic bacteria. Many bacterial infections can be treated successfully with appropriate antibiotics, although antibiotic-resistant strains are beginning to emerge. Immunisation is available to prevent many important bacterial diseases. 

Viral infections are hard to treat because viruses live inside the body cells. They are protected from medicines, which usually move through bloodstream. Antibiotics do not work for viral infections. There are a few antiviral medicines available. Vaccines can help prevent you from getting many viral diseases. Viruses are capsular with genetic material inside .They are tiny, much smaller than bacteria .Viruses cause familiar infectious disease such as the common cold flu and warts. They also cause severe illness such as HIV, smallpox and haemorrhagic fever

Pulmonary pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the lungs and thoracic pleura. Diagnostic specimens are often obtained via bronchoscopic, transbronchial biopsy, CT-guided percutaneous biopsy, or video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).

Digital pathology incorporates the acquisition, management, sharing and interpretation of pathology information — including slides and data — in a digital environment. Digital slides are created when glass slides are captured with a scanning device, to provide a high-resolution digital image that can be viewed on a computer screen or mobile device.

Neuropathology is the study of disease of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical biopsies or whole-body autopsies. Neuropathologists usually work in a department of anatomic pathology, but work closely with the clinical disciplines of neurology, and neurosurgery, which often depend on neuropathology for a diagnosis. Neuropathology also relates to forensic pathology because brain disease or brain injury can be related to cause of death. Neuropathology should not be confused with neuropathy, which refers to disorders of the nerves themselves

Psychopathology is a term which refers to either the study of mental illness or mental distress or the manifestation of behaviours and experiences which may be indicative of mental illness or psychological impairment.

Mycobacterial diseases are the bacterial diseases, caused by the member of Actinobaceria family. These mycobacterial diseases include tuberculosis, leprosy, Mycobacteria ulcer and Mycobacterium para tuberculosis. Symptoms of diseases are fever, weight loss and fatigue. Few mycobacterial diseases are treated with antibiotics drugs like rifampin, ethambutol and isoniazid

Fungal infections are common throughout much of the natural world. In humans, fungal infections occur when an invading fungus takes over an area of the body and is too much for the immune system to handle. Fungal infection in skin looks like a rash. Ringworm is a skin infection which is caused by fungus. Fungal meningitis is less common but can be life-threatening. Fungal infections in the lungs are a serious kind of infection. The symptoms are similar to other illnesses, such as the flu or tuberculosis.  Fungal nail infections can happen to people of any age but it is more common in older people. The symptoms are thickening, distorted shape.

Oral Pathology and maxillofacial pathology alludes to the sicknesses of the mouth, jaws and related structures, for example, salivary organs, temporomandibular joints, facial muscles and perioral skin. It Comprises of Microscopic research of biopsy examples, Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Oral growths, injuries and surgery in paediatric patients and recreation of maxillofacial deformities.

Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) is an integrative field that utilizes molecular pathology to incorporate interpersonal heterogeneity of a disease process into epidemiology. In each individual, the development and progression of a disease are determined by a unique combination of exogenous and endogenous factors, resulting in different molecular and pathological subtypes of the disease

The gastrointestinal tract is a major part of the digestive system, and its health is vital to our overall wellbeing. Changes in digestive habits, such as blood in the stool or pain in the stomach, may indicate a disease or infection in the gastrointestinal tract.

Dermatopathology is a sub specialty of dermatology and pathology that contains the investigation of skin malady at the infinitesimal level. Dermatopathology additionally envelops examinations of the potential reasons for skin sicknesses at a fundamental level. Skin biopsy is taken to get a definitive determination and inspected under the magnifying lens or subject to other atomic tests. That procedure uncovers the histology of the illness and results in a particular demonstrative understanding